We have experimentally characterized two photon excitation effect on red-activatable Channelrhodopsin (ReaChR) by a wavelength tunable 3-stage optical parametric amplifier. In our results, optimal central wavelength is at 1250 nm and intensity is at 13.9 GW/cm2 to trigger Crz neuron which can behave abdomen bending behavior.

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Many studies have indicated the microcirculation can directly respond to disease-related symptoms. However, the capacity of microcirculation would vary due to the gender differences. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a noninvasive technique to monitor tissue oxygenation dynamics. In this study, the far-infrared (FIR) source was used for physiological intervention of microcirculation.

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Here, we utilize a novel in vivo label-free two-photon acoustic microscopy (2PAM) to reveal melanin distribution within mice skin. Out study demonstrates that 2PAM displays high frame rates and sub-femtoliter 3D resolution simultaneously.

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The goal of this work is to develop a high sensitivity biosensor that used carboxylation of graphene oxide as sensing layer for immunoassay. We also compared these three biochips with sensitivity, carboxylation of graphene oxide sheets, graphene oxide sheets and 8-Mercaptooctanoic acid(MOA) film.

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For simple yet robust processing of on-chip integrated plasmonic waveguides, the metal coated on all sides of silicon-wire was utilized to form the horizontal surface plasmon interference biosensor coupled with TE-polarized input/output grating structures. The sensitivity demonstrated 511-nm per refractive-index-unit, which was 10% improvement compared with TM-polarized top-metal interference sensing.

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Second harmonic generation microscopy (SHGM) excellently obtains the image of intracellular structure in tissue. To improve the spatial resolution of SHGM, we demonstrate the method of fringe scanning pattern to two-photon system. In this experiment, the factor of improvement is 1.3 that is shown as the image of tendon of chicken.

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An optical sectioning microscopic system is introduced for wide-field hyperspectral microscopy to improve the axial resolution in thick tissues applications and to obtain additional spectral information. Within thick turbid specimens such as an intact leaf, such technique was successfully demonstrated.

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Intracellular gold nanoparticles allow the Raman measurement of molecular conditions during cellular reactions. However, with no control over spatial locations, quantitative mapping is difficult. This presentation shows 2 methods to help quantify or control the relations between nanoparticle location and resulting surface-enhanced Raman signals in biological cells.

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In this study, we performed parameters analysis of the structure of a 2 × 2 nanocylinder metallic array, including the gap between nanoparticles and the refractive index of the analyte. The results indicate that the energy of the stimulated localized surface plasmon resonance was the greatest when the gap was 106.5 nm and the refractive index of the analyte was 1.33.

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Polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomo-graphy (PS-OCT) has been designed for clinical studies in the segment imaging of the eye because of light polarization and birefringence structure; likewise, the teeth also have the same properties. In this paper, we display a simple way about phase retardation to distinguish dental calculus with the healthy segments of the teeth

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To better assess the treatments to melasma and to eke out its cure, dermatologists desire the information of melanin distribution in skin. We propose a method using harmonic generation microscopy (HGM) to quantify the melanin distribution and obtain a mean mass melanin density of 16.7 mg/ml in epidermis of malasma.

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A liquid crystal (LC) biosensor for label-free identification of enzyme aqueous solutions is presented. The biosensor is achieved mainly by using gold–nanoparticles (GNPs) and LC film. As the reaction layer GNPs are reacted with the enzyme, the alignment of LCs will be disturbed, and then the color and brightness of LC-sensing device are changed. By analyzing the brightness transition caused by the reaction between the GNPs and enzyme solutions the relationship between enzyme concentration and reaction time can be established.

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Full-field optical coherence tomography (FF-OCT) is suitable for rapid en-face imaging, since it used a 2D imaging device for planar interference and pixel processing. In this research, the images of different skin tissue layers were obtained from the system. The results showed both high resolution and penetration depth by using LED source in FF-OCT system. Noninvasive skin tissue imaging contributes to advance dermatology and cosmetology.

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We analysis the reflectance spectra of endoscopic images with different stages to know the spectral responses by pathological changes. We identified early cancerous lesion of esophagus by principal component analysis of the reflectance spectra of endoscopic images. Based on the results, the use of multispectral imaging helps clinicians quickly diagnose.

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The fluorescence of scorpions under UV light is a well-known phenomenon. This interesting phenomenon was first reported in 1954[1-5]. But to date, there is no clearly conclusion has been reached of the mechanism. Another interesting phenomenon is that the scorpions are nocturnal and avoid sunlight, so the reason of the fluorescence is also a mystery of scorpions.

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Using the photoacoustic wave that combines the high selectivity of the light absorption and the low speed of the acoustic wave, the 3D image of a human hair had been reconstructed with the analysis of the correlation that was applied to define the information of depth of the human hair.

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Dental plaque emits fluorescence when it is excited by the Ultraviolet (UV) light. There were some products with different wavelength of excitation light, however, they can't recognize dental plaque from the fluorescence image very well. Finding what wavelength of excitation light would emit the significant fluorescence is of benefit for the detection of dental plaque.

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We proposed a method to increase the surface sensitivities of caped silver nanoslit biosensors. Under oblique angle incidence, the coupling of a cavity mode to the split Bloch wave surface plasmon polariton mode generates an asymmetric Fano resonance. Compared to normal incidence, the surface sensitivity of the coupled mode is improved by 2.5 times.

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This paper using LED induced autofluorescence imager to conduct clinical test with image process method to mapping the suspect region on the image. Physicians could find the tiny region variation in tissue and discern tumor from normal, we get a result of sensitivity 94.4%, specificity 83.3%.

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